The C.I.A. drone killing of Anwar al-Awlaki, an American citizen who was also an Al Qaeda leader, is raising multiple ethical controversies that pollute each other, making ethical coherence all but impossible.
The issues:
- The target was an American citizen. Whatever his crimes, shouldn’t he have the right to a trial before being summarily executed?
- There is no conclusive proof that he actually did anything that resulted in violence against Americans, or posed an imminent threat to national security. Was he targeted for his words, rather than his conduct? How can it be legal or ethical for the U.S. to target a citizen for death because of his political views?
- The United States has officially forsworn assassination as a military or intelligence tactic. Yet this appears to have been one.
- Yemen is not a field of combat, and there was no imminent threat to human life creating an exigency to require U.S. forces to target someone there, whether he was a citizen or not.
- Using unmanned drones in warfare is ethically troubling. Continue reading

